Glossary
Promissory note
The legal document where you promise to repay a loan under specific terms — amount, rate, schedule, and what happens on default.
A promissory note is the borrower's written, signed promise to repay — it spells out the principal amount, interest rate, payment schedule, and the consequences of missing payments. On a mortgage, the note is paired with the deed of trust or mortgage, which gives the lender the right to the property if the note isn't honored. Signing one is a binding legal commitment, which is why every figure on it deserves a careful read before signing, not just at closing.
Related terms
- Escrow A holding account your servicer uses to collect and pay property taxes and insurance alongside your mortgage payment.
- Charge-off When a creditor gives up trying to collect a debt through normal billing and writes it off as a loss — typically after 180 days of non-payment.
- Lien A legal claim against property that secures a debt — the lienholder can force a sale to collect if the debt goes unpaid.
- Unsecured A loan that requires no collateral — approval rests on your credit profile and income.
- Balloon payment A large lump sum due at the end of a loan term, after years of smaller payments that didn't fully pay off the balance.
- Deed of trust A three-party document (borrower, lender, trustee) some states use instead of a mortgage to secure a home loan against the property.